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单选题

A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some (26)_____skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.

    Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban (27)_____, but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the (28)_____ of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive (29)_____ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.

    Rats are often (30)_____ with spreading disease rather than (31)_____ it, but this long-tailed animal is highly (32)_____. Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors(嗅觉感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect (33)_____ smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB(肺结核). When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to (34)_____ a sample is infected.

    Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to (35)_____, but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate—the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.

(3)

A
sensitive
B
associated
C
examine
D
tip
E
treated
F
preventing
G
visual
H
prohibiting
I
superior
J
peak
K
specify
L
nuisance
M
suspicious
N
indicate
O
slight
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答案:

D

解析:

名词:nuisance 令人讨厌的人或事;peak 顶峰; tip 小费,尖端

动词: associated (-ed) 联系; examine 检查; indicate 表明,暗示; peak 使达到顶点;preventing (-ing) 阻止,预防;prohibiting (-ing) 禁止; specify 明确要求; treated (-ed) 治疗,对待

形容词:associated 关联的;sensitive 敏感的,灵敏的;slight 轻微的,细微的;superior 优越的;suspicious 可疑的,怀疑的;visual 视觉的

26. superior

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是形容词some,空格后是名词skills,空格处应填入形容词。备选项有associated(关联的)、sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)、slight(轻微的,细微的)、superior(优越的)、 suspicious(可疑的,怀疑的)、 visual(视觉的)。根据后面定语从句,这些本领有助于人类疾病的治疗,可知superior符合题意。

27.  nuisance

解析:名词辨析题。空格前是不定冠词+形容词an urban,空格处应填入名词。备选项有nuisance(令人讨厌的人或事)、 peak(顶峰)、 tip(小费,尖端)。and前后语义一致,根据前面的dirty birds,可知此处应该填入带有相同感情色彩的词,故本空应填入 nuisance。

28. tip

解析:名词辨析题。空格前是定冠词the,空格后是介词of,空格处应填入名词。备选项有peak(顶峰)、tip(小费,尖端)。根据语义,鸽子的大脑还没有你的食指尖大,故本空应填入tip。

29.  visual

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是形容词impressive,空格后是名词memory,空格处应填入形容词。备选项有associated(关联的)、sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)、slight(轻微的,细微的)、suspicious(可疑的,怀疑的)、 visual(视觉的)。下文指出,最近证实,经过训练,鸽子在检测乳腺癌影像方面可以做到像人类一样准确。可知,鸽子的视觉记忆很惊人,故本空应填入visual。

30. associated

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是系动词are,空格后是介词with,空格处应填入形容词。备选项有associated(关联的)、sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)、slight(轻微的,细微的)、suspicious(可疑的,怀疑的)。根据搭配原则,应填入associated,表示“和……有关”。

31. preventing

解析:动词辩词题。空格前是介词than,空格后是代词it,空格处应填入动名词。备选项有preventing(阻止,预防)、prohibiting(禁止)。根据语义,老鼠经常和传播疾病有关,而不是预防疾病,故本空应填入preventing。

32. sensitive

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是副词highly,空格处应填入形容词并且做句子的表语成分。备选项有sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)、slight(轻微的,细微的)、suspicious(可疑的,怀疑的)。下文指出,老鼠鼻内有多达1000种不同种类的嗅觉感受器。可知老鼠嗅觉灵敏,故填入sensitive。

33.slight

解析:形容词辨析题。空格前是动词detect,空格后是名词smells,空格处应填入形容词。备选项有slight(轻微的,细微的)、suspicious(可疑的,怀疑的)。根据文意,老鼠鼻内有多达1000种不同种类的嗅觉感受器,因而可以检测到细微的气味,故填入slight。

34. indicate

解析:动词辨析题。空格前是不定式标志词to,空格后是完整句子,空格处应填入动词构成不定式。备选项有examine(检查)、indicate(表明,暗示)、peak(使达到顶点)、specify(明确要求)。根据语义,当老鼠检测到气味时,它们会停下来并磨蹭腿以表明该样品已被感染。故应该填入indicate。

35. examine

解析:动词辨析题。本句使用了固定结构take sb.+时间+不定式,空格处应该填入动词原形构成不定式。备选项有examine(检查)、peak(使达到顶点)、specify(明确要求)。根据语义,实验室技术员要花费超过两天时间来检验一百份样品,而老鼠只需要不到20分钟。故填入examine。

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