Question 17 is based on the recording you have just heard.

Recording One

    This is the reason you are here in a university. You are here to be educated. You are here to understand thinking better and to think better yourself. It’s not a chance you’re going to have throughout your lifetime. For the next few years, you have a chance to focus on thinking. 

    I think about some of the students who took advantage of their opportunities in a university. One of the stories I always like to tell is of a freshman seminar that I had a chance to teach at Harvard when I was president of the university. I taught a seminar on globalization and I assigned a reading that I had written about global capital flows. And as I did each week, I asked one of the students to introduce the readings. And this young man, in October of his freshman year, said something like the following. “The reading by President Summers on the flow of capital across countries, it was kind of interesting, but the data did not come close to supporting the conclusions.” And I thought to myself, “What a fantastic thing this was. How could somebody who had been there for five weeks tell the person who had the title ‘President’ that he didn’t really know what he was talking about?” And it was a special moment.

    Now, I don’t want to be misunderstood. I explained to my student that I actually thought he was rather more confused than I was and I argued back, but what was really important about that was the universities stand out as places that really are about the authority of ideas. You see it in faculty members who are pleased when their students make a discovery that undermines a cherished theory that they had put forward.

    I think of another student I had who came to me one morning, one evening actually, walked into my office and said that I had written a pretty good paper, but that it had five important mistakes and that he wanted a job. You could debate whether they actually were mistakes, but you couldn’t debate that young man’s hunger to learn. You could not debate that that young man was someone who wanted to make a difference in economics and he is today a professor of economics. And his works are more cited as an economist than any other economist in the world.

17. What do we learn from the speaker’s stories about universities?

解析：A。本题目为推理题。问题为：从讲话人有关大学的故事中，我们了解到什么？原文所在句：…but what was really important about that was the universities stand out as places that really are about the authority of ideas. You see it in faculty members who are pleased when their students make a discovery that undermines a cherished theory that they had put forward.大学之所以是个杰出的地方，在于这里有思想的权威性。你会看到，当学生们打破了他们提出的被奉为至宝的理论时，教学人员会感到很开心。正确答案为A）They encourage academic democracy（他们鼓励学术民主）。此题目难度很高，需要基于对多个句子的含义的理解，在讲座中，讲话人讲了两个反权威精神的事件，由此也可以推理出，大学是鼓励学术民主的。